Typewriting machine



Dec, 3 39290 B. c. STIICKNEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8, 1926 llShams-Sheet I;

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33% 9 192% STHCKNEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE ll Sheets fiheat 2 Filed Dec. 8,126

Dean 3, 19%, B. c. STHCKNEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8, 1926 llSheets-Sheet 3 E. C. STBQKNEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8, 1926 llSheets-Sheet Dec. 3, 1929. B. c. STICKNEY TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Dec.8, 1926 ll Sheets-Sheet 5 Dec. 3, 1929. c, s c 1,737,982

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Fil d Dec. 8, 1926 11 Sheets-Sheet 7 Dec. 3, 1929. cs-ncKN 1,737,982

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8 1926 11 Sheets-Sheet 8 gm; (11929;- IB. c. STICKNEY 1, 9

TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8, 1926- 11, Sheets-Sheet 9 Y E N K m T SC B TYPEWRITING MACHINE Filed Dec. 8,

1926 ll Sheets=$heeis 1G Patented Dec. 3, 1929 "UNITED STATES PATENT"Fl-1E BUBNHAM C. STIGKNEY, F HILLSIDE,- NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOB. TO'UNDEB'WOOD EL- LIOTT FISHER COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Yr, A COBPOBA'IIGNOF DELAWARE.

rrrnwm'rme momma Application filed December This invention relates totypewriting ma chines having automatic type-actions in which the usualkeys when depressed, cause their respective type-bars to be operated by5. power-driven means.

proved quiet type-action system coupled to v power-driven means embodiedin a umt placed behind the typewriter and includin a revolublepower-drum having longitudina cam-faces formed thereon. The drum spans asystem of power-levers, each of which is linked to a type-action. Aspring-motor constantly urges the drum to rotate. The drum iscont-rolled by a pallet-frame actuated by the depression and release ofany typewriter-key, so that the drum rotates one step to operate acorrespondin type-action; An electric motor rewinds t e spring-motorwhen it is run down, and means similar to those shown in the UnitedStates patent to Pitman, No. 1,417,106, dated May 23, 1922, are providedto automatically start and stopthe winding of the spring-motor. I

An object of the present invention is to apply an improved quiettype-action system' of the type just mentioned to anUnderwood typewriterwith minimum changes in said typewriter. I

Another object of the present invention is to use a typewriter having anautomatic carriage-return mechanism operated by an electric motor, andto provide means whereby said motor may also rewind thespring-motor Ithat operates the type-action. Thus the motor is madeto perform a doublefunction, and means are further provided so that these functions can inno wise interefere with each other.

Another object of the present invention is to provide compact assembliesof the parts forming'the power-drive for the type-action, the rewindingmechanism 'for the springmotor, and the automatically-selectingmechanism whereby the electric motor drives either the rewindingmechanism or carriage-return 8, 1926. Serial No. 158,231.

plication of Kurowski, No. 41,507, filed July 6, 1925 (now Patent No.1,679,727, dated August 7 1928), and is illustrated herein withmodifications to be described, said modifications constituting featuresof the present invention.

In carrying out the present invention there isprovided, as disclosed inmy aforesaid copending application, a system of triangularlygshapedtype-barsnormally in a cumbent position. Said type-bars are supportedupon arms 'bymeans of which they ma be swung and raised to the printingposition. The.

type-bars and their related arms are arranged as heretofore in lanesradiating from the printing point. elow said 11 pe-bars and their arms,corresponding keyevers are arranged in parallel array. Each key-leverhas arranged above "it a power-lever on the end of which is a shiftablemember preferably in the form of a swingable do which, when saidkey-lever .is depressed, swings toward a power-drum having lon itudinalcam-faces thereon; and thereby ren ers said power-lever operable.- Saidkey'levers normally keep the swingable dogs away from the power-drum..Said power-levers are in.

orizontal array and the power-drum is between said array and the arrayof key-levers. To an arm of each of said power-levers is attached a linkwhich extends toward and is attached to an intermediate lever of thethird order. The points of attachment to said intermediate levers are ina straight line array, parallel to and spaced similarly to the arrayedends of said power-lever arms. The intermediate levers are extended toenable them to actuate an arcuate universal bar which is concentriq withthe ty e-bar-action system, and by means of whic letter-feedingcarriage-escapement and ribbon-vibrating mechanisms may be operated. Ata point close to the universal bar, each intermediate lever has attachedto it a link which connects it with one of the type-bar actions. Eachintermediate lever therefore has two points of attachment, one for thecorresponding t pebar action and one for the correspon ing power-lever.The power-lever attachments on said intermediate levers are in astraight ness and manufacturing economy, is made" of stampings fastenedtogether .to form a' drum of quadrilateral cross-section. Viewedendwise,"a portion of each stamping extending lengthwise thereofprojects beyond said quadrilateral section, and forms one of thecam-faces of the drum.

A spring-motor of the type disclosed in the aforesaid patent to Pitmanis mounted xalong the side of the typewriter for compactness. Said motorincludes layers of heli cal windings of spring wire, the layers formingacontinuous winding or coil having a large energy-storing capacitysuflicient for a multiplicity of type-operations. The front end of thecoil is connected to an esca ementwheel co-operating with atypeey-controlled pallet-frame. The rear end of the coil is he ed to ashaft which may be driven to rewind the spring-motor.

Means herein provided for rotating the rewinding shaft are also capableof registering the condition of the spring-motor and'aredisposed alongthe rear of the typewriter for controlling a novel motor-driven trainoperable to rewind the spring-motor.

A novel helical gear-connection forming part of the r'ewinding andregistering means improves the sensitivity of said means as registeringmeans.

The carriage-return. mechanism, shown in the aforesaid pendingapplication of Kurowski, includes a rack upon the typewriter-carriageand a pinion in mesh therewith. The pinion may be driven by acorresponding clutch-member secured to a shaft along which the pinionmay slide. A key and carriage controlled linkage for effecting a clutchengaging and disengaging movement of the pinion is provided. A switchcontrolled by said linkage starts and stops an electric motor which isgeared to the aforesaid shaft on which the clutch-member is mounted. Asthe motor rotates said clutch-member, the carriage is returned to aposition that is predeterminable by means associated with usualshiftable right-hand marginal carriage-stop and which means may operatesaid linkage to disengage! the clutch and open the switch to stop themotor. A suitable key may be operated to actuate said linkage toinitiate a carriage-return movement. The motor is fastened to the rearside of the typewriter, and its power iS delivered through the usualspeed-reducing worm-wheel or equivalent train.

To enable the electric motor to drive either the carriage returnmechanism or mechanism for winding theaforesaid spring-motor, there isused a diiferential gear-mechanism, preferably of the planetary type,which consists of an arm, or spider having one or more planetary pinionsin mesh with both an inner s urgear andan outer annular gear. The s ideris connected to the electric motor throng the speed-reducing train.Preferably, the inner spur-gear is connected to the aforesaidcarriage-return clutch-member, and the outer anhular gea'r may beconnected to the aforesaid shaft which is rotatable to wind thespring-motor. When the spider with its planetary gears is rotated theouter gear will be rotated to rewind the spring motor ifthe inner gearis restrained, or the inner gear will be rotated if the outer gear isrestrained.

, '-Means are provided for holding the outer gear so that the innerspur-gear will rotate to drive the carriage-return mechanism and may bebrou ht into and out of action by the aforesaid linhage that effectsengagement and disengagement vof the carriage-return clutch. Theelectric motor is automatically started and stopped in accordance withthe starting and stopping of a carriage-return operation.

Means, controlled by the aforesaid means that register the condition ofthe spring-motor, are employedtoautomaticallyrestrainthe inner gear of!the differential train for starting a rewinding operation of thespring-motor. @ther means, also controlled by the condition-registeringmeans, operate to with draw said restraining means to stop the rewindingoperation automatically. The electric motor is also automaticallystarted and stopped in accordance with the starting and stopping of therewinding operation.

The inner spur-gear is preferably restrained for a rewinding operationby means of an interponent normally held by a latch which may be readilyoperated, to release said interponent, by the aforesaid means thatregister the condition of the spring-motor. A spring-pressed interponentmay serve to restrain the outer annular gear of the differentialgear-train to effect a carriage-return op- "it should happen to be inposition for a rewinding operation. Thus the rewinding 'operation may beautomatically suspended to permit the differential gear-train tofunction for a carriage-return operation. In order that the rewindingoperation may be autosuspend a rewinding operation. A positivelyactuatedrewinding checking arm is employed to stop the rewinding operation, and-inay carry a dog rendered elfective by releasing a latching meanseasily operated by the aforesaid spring moto condition registeringmeans. v r g The planetary gear-train'may be mounted on an extension ofthe shaft which carries the carriage-return clutch so as to form acompact assembly. Said assembly may also, as

will be shown,"include the mechanism which' restrain the aforesaid gearsof the difi'erential gear-train, and may also include the mechanismwhich controls the restraining means, the entire assembly being enclosedin a compact casing or fixture on which the electric motor may also bemounted. Thus there is formed a compact unit which may readily beattached to the rear side of the typewriterframe.

Another feature of the invention is the provision of a novel yoke-shapedribbon-carrier which may present a patch or central portion of the usualUnderwood ribbon, mounted in the usual way, to the printing point of thetypewriter. Said ribbon-carrier co-operates with ribbon-vibrating armswhich are connected in a novel'wayto the usual Underwoodribbon-vibrating means which are behind the type-bar system, and whichlatter means are modified'so as not to interfere with said system. Thenovel ribbon-carrier being yokedshaped clears the zone of type-barmovement and does not interfere with said movement.

()ther featuresand advantages will hereinafter appear. l a

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional side elevation ofa Underwood typewriter, showing how the features oi the invention areapplied thereto.

Figure 2- is a side elevation of the typewriter, a portion of the rightside of the type writer being broken away to show the clutch whereby thecarriage-return mechanism becomes operative. The spring-motor alongsaidright side of the typewriter and the mechanism for controlling saidspring-moor at the rear of the typewriter are also shown. I

Figure 3 is a side elevational view. show;

* ing a carriage-return key, and the linkage which said key may operateto cause the carriage-return clutch to become operative. In

this view the clutch is supposed to be disengaged, and said linkage ispositioned accordingly. v

Figure 4 is a partly-sectioned view of the spring-motor, showing detailsof its construction.

- Figure 5 is a rear View of the typewriter, showing the electric motorand the enclosure for the differential gearing and its controllingparts. This View also shows the means that register the condition of thespring-motor.

Figure 6 is a sectional front elevation of the typewriter, showingparticularly the arrangement of the type-actions and some of theiroperatingmemhers. This view also shows how the usual Underwoodribbonspools and ribbon-reversing mechanism are mounted. I V

Figure 7 is a front elevation of across-bar in whiclithe power leversare mounted, and shows how a detent of the ribbon-reversing mechanism ismounted on said cross-bar.

Figure 8 is a developed view of the typeheads as they rest against theircushion in their fully-retracted positions. This view shows particularlyhow the centers of the lower-case types. on the extreme type-bars maylie within the planes of said type-bars.

Figure 9 is a partly sectioned plan View of the typewriter, showing suchfeatures of the invention as may be clearly presented in said view. I, eI

Figure 10 is arear elevation, showing particularly the casing in whichis mounted the planetary gearing and the means whereby said gearing iscontrolled Said casing is shown with its outer cover removed to presenta clear view of said controlling parts.

Figure 11 shows the controlling parts of the planetarygearing thatareactuated when the spring-motor requires rewinding.

Figure 12"is"a rear elevation, showing the the parts, whereby theplanetary gearing is controlledto rewind the spring-motor, and showssaid parts. at the moment when the spring-motor condition-registeringmeans have tripped the interponent-withholding latch to thereby causesaid rewinding to commence.

Figure .14 is'a rear elevation, showing-how a rewind checking armremains ineffective while the spring-motor is being .rewound, said armmoving idly up and down as the planetary pinion spider rotates.

Figure 'l5is a'rear elevation, showing how the switch may be closed tostart the electric motor for rewinding the spring-motor notwithstandingthat the interponent that is releasedto efiect'said rewindihgmomentarily l I no Figure 13 shows the relative positions of In justabout to escape from its latch which has been moved to the positionshown, by means of the spring-motor condition-registering.

means not shown in this view.

Figure 18 shows how the difi'erential-gearcontrolling mechanism isoperated to effect the return of the typewriter-carriage.

Figure 19 shows how thecarriage-return interponent has moved to causethe withdrawal of the rewinding interponent, and

also shows the finger that in this instance is inposition forpreventingthe overthrow of sald rewinding interponent.

Figure 26 shows how a dog-holding latch on thevibratory checking arm istripped to release a dog on said arm when the rewinding 1s to be halted.This view also shows the rewind checking arm at the end of a positivecam-impressed movement.

Figure 21 shows the rewind-checking arm 30' at the end of aspring-impressed movement,

and shows the released dog thereon in such position that the ensuingcam-impressed stroke of said arm is effective to rotate the indicatedrock-shaft and thereby terminate at the rewinding.

Figure 22 shows how the cam-impressed movement of'the rewind checkingarm has rotated the rock-shaft.

Figure 23' is a view, showing, in perspective, an assembly of the partsfor controlling the differential gear-train.

Figure" 24- is a perspective view, showing the finger, check and latchthat control the rewinding interponent, and also showing the springs andpivot-stud for said finger, check and latch.

Figure 25 is a perspective view, showing the construction of the novelpower-drum having the cam-faces whereby the powerarms of the type-actionsystem are operated.

' Figure 26 is a perspective view of the worm-gear housing with itsmotor-base, and the casing wherein the differential gearing is enclosedand wherein the controlling parts for said gearing are mounted.

Figure 27 is an operated view of one of the type-actions at the momentwhen the.

key-lever has been depressed and the dog on the power-lever released,thereby to enable said lever to be moved by the approaching cam-face ofthe power-drum to operate the type-action to print.

Figure 28 is an operated view of the same type-action at the moment whenthe powerlever has-been moved far enough, so that the dog thereon isabout to escape from a cam-face of the power-drum. At this moment theface of the type has not quite reached the platen, the further movementof the type action to enable said type to print being effected by themomentum of said type-action.

Figure 29 is a plan view, showing particularly the modifiedribbon-carrier and the means for vibrating said ribbon-carrier up anddown. I

Figure 30 is a front elevation, showing particularly the modifiedribbon-carrier and the parts for vibrating it up and down. This viewalso shows the universal bar, whereby the usual escapement andribbon-vibrating mechanisms are actuated.

The Underwood typewriter to which the invention is applied has a platen35 on an axle 36 journaled in a platen-frame 37,wh1ch is mounted forcase-shifting in a letter-feeding carriage 38. Said carriage runs onrear and front guide-rods 39 and 40respect1vely, supported in thetypewriter-frame 41.

Means for shifting the platen-frame 37 include the usual swmgablecase-shift frame 42, extending substantially from s de tO SIdQ of thetypewriter-frame 41 and having a front rod 43. The shift-frame 42 may beswung about pivots M to elevate the front rod 43 by means of a shift-key4C5 attached to a shift-key-lever 46 fulcrumed at 47. ()nly the rearportion of the shift-key-leverengagmg one of the sides 48 of theshift-frame is 1 ndicated in Figure 1. The rod 43, as it is elevated,shifts the platen-frame 37 upwardly by means of the usual roller 49 inthe middle of the platen-frame. The rod 43 is of such extent that theroller 4&9 engages said rod throughout the full extent ofcarriage-travel. The usual spring, not shown, retracts the shift-framewhen the shift-key is released, and permits the platen-frame to reassumeits normal lower-case position.

The type-action system is similar to that shown in my aforesaid pendingapplication No. 36,594, and the adaptation of an Underwood typewriter tosuch a type-action system is a feature-of the present invention.Modifications of said type-action system to facilitate said adaptation"constitute other features of the present invention. The typeactionsystem includes a full complement of type-bars 50, forty-two in number,and each type-bar has upper and lower case types formed on the usualtype-heads 51 fastened to said type-bar. Besides the type-head, otheressential elements of each type-bar are two pivot-bearings 52 and 53,which, with the type-head 51, are relatively disposed to one another, asshown in Figures 1 and 28, so that swingable arms 54 and 55 connected toeach type-bar at said pivot-bearings 52 and 53 serve to move thetype-bar from the cumbent position, indicated in Figures 1 and 28,

to the upright printing position, indicated in Figure 28 alone. Therelative positions of the type-head 5l,type-bar pivot-bearings 52 and 53and fulcrum-rods 56' and 57 for the swingable arms 54 and 55 are sochosen that the type-head moves in the characteristic path, indicated bythe dot-.and-dash line 58 of Figure 28.. It will be apparent from Figare28 that with the type-head moving in said path, the correspondingdirection'of type-bar movement is such that thelarger part of the.

momentum attained by the type bar, as it approaches the platen, reactsupon the fulcrum-rods 56 and 57, so that, at the instant of printing,the momentum of the type-bar against the platen is of such characterthat quiet and yet clear printing results.

Viewed from the front o1 the typewriter, as in Figure 6, the type-barsandtheirarms 54 and are arranged in radial array about the lower-caseprinting point. Each type-- bar is preferably formed from a single thinblank into two parallel plates separated at the bearings 52 and 53 bythe thickness of arms 54 and 55, and joined along the edge 50, which isformed as said single blank is folded to form said plates. Une of theplates has a goose-neck portion 59 of proper form to carry the type-head51.

As shown in Figure 8, the goose-neck portion 59 of each type-bar may bebent sidewise at 60 to bring the center of the lowercase type into thecentral plane of the typebar. Another bend in the goose-neck portion at61 gives the proper inclination to the typehead, to make theupper-casetype reglster with the upper-case printing point. Figure 8 isa developed plan view, showing particularly how the inclination of thetype-heads from the type-bar proper varies in the usual manner from aminimum inclination for the middle type-bars to a maximum inclinationfor the outer type-bars. In order to make thetotal angle, which includesthe entire radial array of type-bars, as small as possible, the angularspacing between adjacent typebars may decrease as the inclination of thetype-bar-heads decrease, this decrease in spacing being in accordancewith the usual practice. j

As shown in Figure 8, the centers of the lower-case types of all thetype-bars may lie in the central planes of their respective typebars,thereby entirely avoiding the twisting stress heretofore imposed ontype-bars which had their-lower-case types ofi'set from said planes. Byavoiding ofl'sets in the lowercase types, there are effectedcorrespondingly less dfl'sets in the upper-case types, therebyminimizing said twisting stress, particularly at the outer type-bars,when the uppercase types print. it will be noted in Figures'ti and 30that the total angle, about degrees, which includes the radial array oftype-bars, is substantially less than the including angle in thestandard Underwood typewriter, said latter angle being about 110degrees. The.

reduction of this angle entails a corresponding reduction in theinclination of the typeheads for the outermost type-bars, andconsequently the upper-case types for said outermost type-bars are notoffset as much as heretofore.

In order to-conform to the radial array of the type-bars 50 and theirarms 54 and 55 about the lower-case printing point, the ful cram-rods 56and 57 for said arms must ohand determined by the minimum spacingbetween the ends 66 of adjacent type-bars (see Figure 6). It isobviousthat the minimum spacing between the corners 6'? of adjacent type-barsis greater than the minimum spacing between the ends 66 on account ofthe radial. arrangement of the type-bars. The greater minimum spacingatt e corners B7 of the type-bars permits the arms 5-5 to be of thickermaterial than the arms 54-. As will be shown, it is by rotating arms {55in a clockwise direction that the type-bars 50 are actuated, and the useof thicker material for said arms 55 is desirable on accountof thegreater tendency of said arms to wear at their vfulcrum-rod 5?.

Each typcbar50 in its cumbent position rests with the rearward portionat its edge 50* against a cushion 68, which stops the type v bar andlimits its retractive movement irom the platen. Said cushion is arcuateand may be retained in an arcuate member 69, which may, by means ofbrackets 70, be secured to the type-bar-segment 63, as shown in Figure9. Said type-bar-segment; 63 includes a suitably formed portion 71, inwhich the rear slots 65 for the arms 55 are cut, and also includeanother portion 72, in which the. front slots 64 for the arms 54 areout. Beyond the ends of said portions the type-bar-segment continuesto'curve outwardly and upwardly toward horizontal extensions 73, Figure6, by means of which to surfaces of side members of the typewriter-trams41 may support said segment.

Key-controlled means, whereb r the-typebars may be selectively actuated,include a standard typewriter keyboard having keys 75 and alsonclude apower-drum generally indicated by-the number 76 and having camtaces 77.Every time a key ?5 is operated the power-drum 76, by suitable means tobe described, is caused to rotate to an extent corresponding to thetransition of one camits face 77 past a dog 78, which is at one end of apower-lever 79. The dog has a surface 7 9*which is normally out of thepath of the revolving cam-face 77, but whichis caused to move into saidpath simultaneously with the depression of a key, in order that thepower-lever may be rotated about its fulcrum by the rotation of the drum76. To direct the movement of its surface 7 9", each dog 78 is pivotedupon its power-lever at 80. There is a dog and power-lever for every key75, and key-levers 82 in their normal positions serve, by means ofprojections 83 on said levers, to hold the dogs disengaged from thepower-drum. Conversely, upon the depression of any key, as shown inFigure 27, the key-lever thereof, rotating about a common key-leverfulcrum 84 withdraws its projection 83 from an arm 85 of the dog, topermit said dog, under the pull of a spring 86, to move into positionfor engagement with the power-drum. The movement of the do about itspivot ma be limited by a stop 8 coacting with suita le projections ofthe dog. The drum is constantl urged to rotate by a spring-motor,generally indicated by the number 88, which is normally restrained fromsaid rotation by a pallet 89 of a pallet frame 90, said pallet holdingan escapement wheel 91, which, as will be shown, is fastened to a shaft92 of the power-drum (see Figures 2, 27 and 28) The completion of akey-lever stroke after the correspondin dog has been caused to move intothe pat of the camfaces 77 ,causes, as will be shown, the palletframe tobe rotated about its pivot 93 to withdraw the pallet 89 from the'escapement- 96, which is common to all the power-levers.

wheel 91, and at the same time to interpose another pallet 94 into thepath of an approaching tooth 95 of said wheel 91. In the ensuingrotation of the drum, the cam-face 77 will move the dog upwardly, andthereby rock the power-lever 79 about a fulorum-rod Just beforethe-tooth 95 of the escapementwheel reaches the interposed allet 94, thepower-drum will have rotated ar enough so I that the surface 79'? of thedog is about to escape from the cam-face 77, which has engaged saidsurface (see Figure 28), and thereupon the power-lever is suddenlycaused to be retracted to its normal position by means of a spring 97against a stop-surface 98 formed on a bar 99, in which the fulcrumrod 96of the power-lever is incorporated. As shown in Figure 28, the type-barwill not have moved far enough to print at the instant the surface 7 9escapes from the camface. (lompletion of the printing movement 7 isdependent upon the momentum of the typebar and parts connected thereto.As already mentioned, said momentum is of such character that quiet andclear printing results. The type-bar movement is fully discussed in myaforesaidpending application. The

bar 99 is between the side members of the typewriter-frame 11, and hasslots 100 for spacing and retaining the power-levers laterally. v Thecommon fulcrum-rod 84 of all the key levers is incorporated in a bar101, which has slots 102 for spacing and retaining the rear ends of theke -levers laterally. The forward ortion of t e key-levers are spacedlaterally by means of a slotted plate 103 of the. usual form, to whichmay be secured stopmembers 104 extending transversely of all thekey-levers and serving to limit the movements thereof (see Figures 1, 27and 28). Said members may be of somewhat resilient cushionin material.There is a-spring 105 for each ey-lever' to retract the same, one end ofsaid spring being attached to a stud 106 at the side of the key-lever,the other end of the spring being attached to a ledge 107 benthorizontally from the plate 103, which is screwed to thetypewriter-frame 41. Each key-lever has a hook-shaped portion 81 toco-operate with the usual Underwood key-lock-rod 108, which is caused,in. the usual manner, to be moved under said hookshaped portions andthereby look all the keylevers at the end of a writing line. v To bracethe middle of the key-lock-rod, there maybe fastened to the slottedplate 103 a piece 109 having a rearward projection 110 which underliessaid key-lock-rod when the rod is in looking position. To afford roomfor said piece 109 each of the key-levers to the right of said piece hasits retracting spring 105 on its ri ht side, and each of'the key-leversto the le%t of said piece has its spring on its left side, thusaffording room between the two middle key-levers for the piece 109, asisbest illustrated in Figure 9.

Operation of a type-bar to print, is effected by rotating the swingablearm pivoted to the corner 67 of said typeebar, clockwise about itsfulcrum-rod 57, as shown in Figure 28. For translating the movement ofeach powerlever 79 into operation of the corresponding type-bar 50,-there is provided a train of con nections' between said power-lever andsaid swingable arm 55. Said train of connections includes a link 112connecting an extension 113 of the arm 55, whereby said arm may beoperated, to an intermediate lever 114, and

said train also includes a link 115 connecting v said intermediate lever114 to a downwardlyprojecting arm 116 of the power-lever. The purpose ofthe intermediate levers, of which there isone for every power-lever andtypebar, is toreceive the power-lever impulses at points 117 that are inhorizontal straight:

line array opposite the arms 116 of the powerlevers, and to deliver saidimpulses from points 118 that are in arcuate array opposite to andconforming to the arcuate array of the operating extensions 113 oftheswingable arms 55, Figures 6 and 30.. It is apparent .movement of allthe points 118 of the levers 114, so that the type-bars are operateduniformly, it isnecessary that the lengths of the intermediate leversbetween points 117 and fulcrums 119 of said levers be such that theratios of the latter lengths to the corresponding lengths between points117 and 118 be uniform. To maintain said uniform ratios results in saidfulcrums 119 being. arrayed with respect to points 117, as indicated inFigures 6 and 30. Each fulcrum 119 may be incorporated in a bracket 120removably secured by screws 121 to a cross-bar 122 supported betweenthe'side members of the typewriter-frame 41, Each of said brackets maybe slotted and have the fulcrum 119 inserted transversely of the slot,to receive the intermediate lever. One end of each of the previ-'ously-mentioned springs 97 is attached to an intermediate lever. Saidsprings serve not only to retract the power-lever, as already mentioned,but also serve, as will be apparent, to retract the correspondingtype-bar. The other end of the spring 97 is anchored to a plate 124fastened to a rear member 125 of the typewriter-frame 41.

The shaft 92 of the power-drum is journaled at its left end in the leftside member 123 of the typewriter-frame, and near its right end in aspecial shock-absorblng bearing inserted in the right side member 125 ofthe typewriter-frame. Said shaft 92 extends beyond said right sidemember to receive the escapement-wheel 91, and a pinion 126, whichconnects said shaft to a gear 270. of the springmotor 88. Theescapement-wheel may be fastened to the hub of the pinion 126,'which isfastened to said shaft. The purpose of the shock-absorbing bearing is todeaden the noise and shock attending the operation oftheescapement-wheel and pallet-frame in arresting the rotation of thepower-drum at each typewriter-key operation. Said bearing (see Figure 6)consists of a sleeve 129 having a flange 130 and a nut 131. A hole inthe right side member 125 of the typewriter frame is substantiallylarger in diameter than.

said sleeve, to receive, from opposite sides, shock-absorbing resilientbushings 132, which fit said hole and have holes which .closely fit said.sleeve 129. Said bushings have outer flanges, which are clamped by theflange 130 and nut 131 of the sleeve against said typewriter-frame rightside member 125. There is also a shock-absorbingmounting for thepallet-frame in the form of an arm 133 (see Figure 2) loosely mounted onthe powerdrum shaft 92, between the flange 130 and the escapement-wheel91, and yieldably held against a stop 134 projecting from said rightside member 125. For-pulling and yielda ly holding said arm 133 againstsaid stop 134, there is a spring 135 of suitable dimensions applied tosaid arm at a horizontal extension i 136 thereof, said extension beingbeyond the pallet-frame pivot 93, which is on said arm.

It is apparent, that with the arm 133 loosely mounted on the shaft 92,the reactions against the pallets 89 and 94 are finally absorbed by thespring 135, and the shock-absorbing bearing for said shaft 92, as saidreactions tend to rotate said arm with said shaft.

For enabling the operation of any keylever 82 to actuate thepallet-frame 90, and thereby cause a rotation of the power-drum, thereis provided a universal bar 137 extending transversely of saidkey-levers and underlying projections 138 thereof. Said universal bar,when depressed by a key-lever,

rocks a shaft139 .by means of arms 140, which are joined to the ends ofsaid bar and keyed to said shaft 139. The shaft 139 is journaled in theside members 123 and 125 to the typewriter-frame and extends beyond theright side member 125 to receive an arm 141, whereby the pallet-framemay be rotated to withdraw the pallet 89 from the escapement-wheel. Saidpallet-frame has a'projection 142, which is engaged by the suitablyformed end of the pallet-frame rotating arm 141. Upon releasing thetypewriter-key, there follows a reverse rotation of the pallet-frameback to normal position, said reverse rotation being effected by aspring 143, which has one end attached to the pallet-frame at a stud144, the other end being attached to a stud 145 projecting from a spur146 of the arm 133 on which the palletframe is pivoted; Said stud 145also serves as a stop, against which the pallet-frame is normally heldby said spring 143. The reverse rotation of the pallet-frame alsoserves, as will be apparent, to restore the universal bar 137to'its-normal position.

The letter-feeding carriage 38 is propelled in letter-feeding steps bythe usual springmotor 145 (Figure 5), which is connected to saidcarriage by the usual draw-band 146, onl partly shown. Much of thestandard Un erwood escapement-mechanism for letter-feeding the carriagehas been retained, and only such changes have been made in saidmechanism as were necessary to adapt it for the type-action systemherein shown. There is retained the usual Underwood escapement-wheel147, connected to the oneway pinion 148, which meshes with theletter-feeding rack 149 on the carriage. There is also the usualdog-rocker 150, carrying fixed and loose dogs 151 and 152 respectivelyco-operating with said escapement-wheel. The usual Underwoodescapement-supporting fixture 153 has been modified bythe addition .ofbearings 154, the purpose of which will presently be apparent. Forsupporting said fixture on the typewriter-frame, there is movementofsaid lever to move the type bar. Said ends 159 are in arcuate array,towhich the shape of the universal bar conforms. .F or stiffening it, saiduniversal bar has a chord 160. At each outer end of the universal barand attached to its under surface is a downwardly and rearwardlyprojecting arm 161, pivotally connected to an arm 162. As shown inFigure 30', the arms 162 are outwardly and downwardly flaring portionsof levers 162 having upper arms 163, to which is pivotally connected aframe having a cross-member 164 and sides 165 extending rearwardly fromsaid cross-member.

It will be apparent that by means ofthe arms 161, 162 and 163 a forwarddisplace ment of the universal bar effects a rearward dis lacement ofthe cross-member 164. To

ma e the cross-member 164 and universal bar 158 move in parallelism, thelevers. 162 are fastened to a rock-shaft 168, for which theaforementioned bearings 154 in the escapement-supporting fixture havebeen provided. Besides being supported by the two pivotal connections tothe arms 162, the universal bar 158 has in the middle thereof aforwardly-projecting tongue 166, whereby it may be supported by a slot167 in the. under side of the type-bar cushion-retaining member 69. Thecross-member 164 serves the same purpose as the similar :cross-memberwhich was art of the usual Underwood universal bar rame, namely, toactuate the dogrocker 150, which is engaged by a middle portion 164 ofsaid cross-member (see Figure 29). Said cross-member 164 also carries amember 169, whereby it is enabled to actuate the ribbon-vibratingmechanism to be described. Like similar sides of the usual Underwooduniversal bar frame, the rear- Wardly-extending sides 1650f the present,cross-member 164 are pivotally connected to and supported by arms 170of the usual frame 171, pivoted at its ends in the escapement-supportingfixture 153. Said frame 171, in conjunction with the levers 162 servesto move the cross-bar 164 in parallelism, and has the usual downwardlyand forwardly extending arm 174*, which is engaged' by an arm 172substantially in the middle of the usual space-bar rock-shaft 173. Theusual space-bar 175 connected to said rock-shaft by the usual arms 176is thus enabled to actuate the escapementqnechanism in the usual'manner.As shown in Figure 30, the end of said arm 172 projects between thetwomiddle intermediate levers 114.

A ribbon-carrier 178 of a novel form designed to clear the type-barsherein shown, is

rovided, saidcarrier serving the purpose of moving the ribbon to andfrom the printing point'by'means, which are a combination of somestandard Underwood ribbon-vibrating elements and added elements, which,as will presently appear, are necessary. The upper and ribbon-carryingportion of the ribbon-carrier '178 is of the same form as the similarportion of the regular Underwood ribbon-carrier, and is in the spacebetween the type-guide 179 and the front. of the platen 35. It isobvious that the ribbon-carrier cannot be extended directly downward forconnection with the usual Underwood ribbon-vibrating arm, because in'this case both the carrier and said arm would interfere with thetype-bar movement. It is for this reason that the usual Underwoodribbon-vibrating arm is shortened and becomes an arm 180 connected by alink 181 to another arm 182 on a ribbon-vibrating rockshaft 183. Saidshaft 183 is of such length that ribbon-vibrating arms 184 at the endsthereof are outside the zone of type-bar movement. The shortened arm 180and the arm 182 also clear said zone. It is to afford extensions wherebyit may be connected to the ribhon-vibrating arms 184 that theribbon-carrier 178 is of the yoke-like form, shown in Figure 30, havingextensions formed to clear the type-bars and being pivotally connectedat their ends to the ribbon-vibrating arms 184.

In order that the ribbon-carrier may be shifted up and down inaccordance with the case-shifting of the platen, the ribbonvibratingrock-shaft 183 is journaled in three brackets 186 fastened to the rearof the front rod 43 of the platen-shift frame 42. The middle one of saidbrackets has a pivot 187 for a lever 188, which has the shortened arm180. The upper arm of said lever is of the same form asthe upper arm ofthe usual Underwood ribbon-vibrating lever, said arm havingthe usual twopins 189. For actuating said lever 188, either one of said pins may beselectively engaged by the 'usual actuating member 169, which moves backand forth with the cross-member 164, on which it is mounted,

every time the letter-feeding universal bar 158 is actuated. Thebackward movement of said actuating member 169 rocks the lever 188 toeffect, by the means just described, an upward movement of theribbon-carrier 17 8, which carries the ribbon to the printing point.

' memes The extent of upward ribbon-carrier movement, and consequentlywhich field of the usual bichrome ribbon 190 is presented to theprinting point, depends upon which one of the pins 189 of the lever 188is engaged. To enable it to engage either one of said pins 189, theactuating member 169 has-the usual slots 169 and is shiftable sidewiseon the usual bracket 192, which is fastened to the cross-member 164:, For shifting the actuating member 169' sidewise for aselection of theribbon-fieldto be presented to the printing point, there may be providedthe usual bichrome shifting means, generally indicated by the number193,

, and including at the front of the typewriter the usual lever 194 formanipulating said means. Said bichrome-shifting means areof the typeillustrated in the U. S. Patent No. 926,050, to F. A; Cook, dated June22', 1909.

Coils 195 of the ribbon 190 are wound upon the usual reels, not shown,which are rotatable within the usual cup-shaped shells 197, whichsurround the upper end portions of spindles 198. Said spindles have theusual devices, not shown, for being connectedwith said reels. The usualmeans, whereby either spindle may be driven, to feed the ribbon past theprinting point at each key-operation, include a hori zontalshaft 199,Figure 6, having two beveled pinions 200, solocated on said shaft199that only one of said pinions may be in mesh with a pinion 201 of thecorresponding oneof spindles 198. llheusnal means'for automaticallyshifting the ribbon-feeding shaft 199 endwise, to automatically reversethe ribbon-' feeding movement as one orthe other of the coilsl9fibecomes fully unwound, are of-the type shown in U. S. Patent No.'.828,548, to W. F. Helmond, dated August 14,1906. Said latter meansinclude for each ribbon-spool, a; vertical shaft 202 that isautomatically caused to be partly turned in the usual manner, to" pausea reversal of ribbon-feeding movement when the corresponding; spool ofribbon is run down. Each vertical shaft 202 is journaled in one ofelongate bearings 203 formedintegral with the type-har-segment 63. Thelower portions of the spindles 198. are journaled in bearings 204, alsoformed integral with said segment 63. The upper portions of spindles 198are iournaled in brackets 205, which rest upon the horizontal extension73 of the typehar-segrnent 63. Screws 207 serve to secure said brackets205 and the type-bar-segment 63 upon the side members of thetype-writerframe 41. leach bracket 205 has an'extension 208 directedinwardly to form ahutinents 209, to which the type-guide 179, formed asshown in Figures 6 and 29, may be secured by screws 210. For guiding thetype-heads. 51 of the type-bars to the printing point, said type. guidehas a groove 211 with outwardly-flared sides formed to guide the sidesof the type.- hcads as they approach the printing point.

For imparting ribbon-feeding impulses to-- the horizontal ribbon-feedingshaft 199, there are provided the usual Underwood ribbon-feeding pawl212 and check-pawl 213, which" cooperate with a ratchet-wheel 214fastened to said shaft 199. Said pawls are at the inner side of thetypewriter-frame right side ,inei'nber 125 and are mounted on a shortspindle 215, journaled in said side member (see'Figure 2). Said spindlemay be rocked, at each type-key-lever stroke, by -means of an extension216 of the arm 141, which is caused to be actuated at each stroke, bythe universalbar-.137 to work. the pallet-frame 90.- To enable, saidextension 216 to rock the ribbon-. feeding-pawl spindle, there isfastened at the endof said spindle an arm 217 having a suit]-ably-formed edge engaged by the corresponding edge of said extension.Said edges are kept in contact by a spring 218. In order that theribbon-feeding shaft 199 may be conveniently shifted manually, it isextended beyond the spring-motor 88, as shown in Figure 6, and has afinger-knob 219; The ribbon-feeding shaft 199is journaled in brackets220, which are supported by the cross-bar 99, in which the power-levers79 are fulcrumed. One of the pinions 200 on said shaft has a portion221, which is part of the usual detentv are attained. To this end, thepower-drum is made of separate stampings 223, as shown in Figure25. Saidstampings have tongue-andslot formations 224, whereby the stampings,when assembled to form the power-drum, are fastened together. Eachstamping 223 includes a, portion constituting a, cam-face 77, as shownin Figure25. To further conduce to lightness of the power-drum, eachstamping 223 may have openings 225, indicated by the broken lines'on oneof the stampings see Figure 25). For supporting the assembled stampingson the power-drum-shaft '92, there is ateitherv end of said .assembledf"am ings a hub 226 having a flange-227. In said-' ange 227 are slots 228that interlock with corresponding tongues 229 "formed on the ends of thestampings 223, and thus the assembled stampings may be supported by thehubs 226 on the shaft 92. To secure the assembly of the stampings 223and the hubs 226 all the outer edges of the ton ues may he peened intothe corresponding s ots.

Means for returning the carriage by v ower include a rack 230 extendinglongitudinally of the carriage, as shown in Figure 5, and a pinion 231in mesh with the rack. The pinion

